A research project led by Anar Ahmadov · Leiden University

Promoting democracy through Western education?

Governments, agencies, and foundations spend heavily to give students from developing countries a Western education — betting democracy travels home with them.

The Western Education & Democracy Project | Degrees of Democracy
Conditions — before, during, and after — decide the direction.
The question

Beyond optimism and its mirror image

The project sets aside both Western-centric optimism and its pessimistic opposite, and builds a systematic account of the conditions under which Western education advances — or undermines — democracy in developing countries. Three connected studies put that account to the test.

Study 01

Trainees over time

A longitudinal survey follows Western trainees and comparable peers from several developing countries, tracking how political attitudes shift.

Study 02

Impact in power

Comparative historical analysis examines the influence of Western-educated citizens once they return home and rise into public life.

Study 03

Western blind spots

A survey experiment probes the biases of the West-based stakeholders who design, select for, and fund these programmes.

Flagship outputs

The project's most public-facing work

Book

The book

Following the questions, people, and places behind the research — for viewers well beyond the seminar room. Currently in production.

About the book
documentary

A five-part series

Following the questions, people, and places behind the research — for viewers well beyond the seminar room. Currently in production.

Watch the trailer
latest

Project updates

Aug 21, 2026

Educated abroad, sorted at home: How intersectional gender inequalities shape sociopolitical engagement among Western-educated returnees

Working paper
Aug 14, 2026

Intersectional gender filtering in Western education: A critical-integrative review

Working paper
Aug 6, 2026

Selecting whom? An intersectionality-based policy evaluation of home-state and foreign-state scholarship selection in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan

Policy Brief